微信公众号爬虫笔记

1. 使用Selenium启动web browser driver从而通过程序模拟web application在web browser上的操作。一般来说，selenium是用于测试web application的操作, 在这里使用selenium模拟人为操作登陆微信公众平台从而获取cookies。

使用步骤：
    a. Selenium下载安装包
    b. Google developer site下载 chromdriver.exe.
需要注意的是在mac环境下，安装的时候需要使用sudo(admin权限) ，并且为了使python能够识别chromedriver.exe, 需要把这个执行文件放置于Library/Python/2.6/site-package下面。

第一部分代码

from selenium import webdriver
import time
import json
from pprint import pprint

post = {}
driver = webdriver.Chrome('/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chromedriver')
driver.get('https://mp.weixin.qq.com/')

time.sleep(2)

driver.find_element_by_name("account").clear()
driver.find_element_by_name("account").send_keys('账号')
driver.find_element_by_name("password").clear()
driver.find_element_by_name("password").send_keys('密码')

time.sleep(5)

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//a[@class='btn_login']").click()

time.sleep(15)

driver.get('https://mp.weixin.qq.com/')
cookie_items = driver.get_cookies()

for cookie_item in cookie_items:
    post[cookie_item['name']] = cookie_item['value']
cookie_str = json.dumps(post)
with open('cookie.txt', 'w+') as f:
   f.write(cookie_str)

2. 获取微信文章永久链接的方式是通过post文章的入口进入到文章搜索处。这样获取到的链接是永久链接，但却无法为已有的微信post带来流量。

http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIyMTk2MzkwMQ==&mid=2247483673&idx=1&sn=7dbe18c8dab482d07387b693f8714b09&chksm=e835f20bdf427b1df9c5b3d104702f1003880a272fd78fae63f1c044696e897dc7a9dc314c5c#rd

第二部分代码如下：

import requests
import redis
import json
import re
import random
import time

gzlist = ['summithunter']

url = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com'

header = {
    "HOST": "mp.weixin.qq.com",
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:53.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/53.0"
}
with open('cookie.txt', 'r') as f:
    cookie = f.read()
cookies = json.loads(cookie)
response = requests.get(url=url, cookies=cookies)
token = re.findall(r'token=(\d+)', str(response.url))[0]


for query in gzlist:
    query_id = {
        'action': 'search_biz',
        'token' : token,

        'lang': 'zh_CN',
        'f': 'json',
        'ajax': '1',
        'random': random.random(),
        'query': query,
        'begin': '0',
        'count': '5',
    }


search_url = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/searchbiz?'
search_response = requests.get(search_url, cookies=cookies, headers=header, params=query_id)
lists = search_response.json().get('list')[0]
fakeid = lists.get('fakeid')

query_id_data = {
    'token': token,
    'lang': 'zh_CN',
    'f': 'json',
    'ajax': '1',
    'random': random.random(),
    'action': 'list_ex',
    'begin': '0',
    'count': '5',
    'query': '',
    'fakeid': fakeid,
    'type': '9'
}

appmsg_url = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/appmsg?'
appmsg_response = requests.get(appmsg_url, cookies=cookies, headers=header, params=query_id_data)
max_num = appmsg_response.json().get('app_msg_cnt')

# 分页
num = int(int(max_num) / 5)
begin = 0
while num + 1 > 0 :
    query_id_data = {
    'token': token,
    'lang': 'zh_CN',
    'f': 'json',
    'ajax': '1',
    'random': random.random(),
    'action': 'list_ex',
    'begin': '{}'.format(str(begin)),
    'count': '5',
    'query': '',
    'fakeid': fakeid,
    'type': '9'
    }

    query_fakeid_response = requests.get(appmsg_url, cookies=cookies, headers=header, params=query_id_data)

    fakeid_list = query_fakeid_response.json().get('app_msg_list')

    for item in fakeid_list:
        print(item.get('link'))
    num -= 1
    begin = int(begin)
    begin+=5
    time.sleep(2)